PCB Design: From Concept to Creation

Wednesday, July 02, 2025

Printed Circuit Board (PCB) design is one of the most essential aspects of modern electronics. Whether you're developing a simple LED flasher or a complex microcontroller-based system, a well-designed PCB ensures your circuit is compact, reliable, and production-ready. In this blog post, we’ll explore the journey of PCB design—from initial concept to final fabrication—highlighting key tools, best practices, and common pitfalls to avoid.




What is a PCB?

A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components using conductive tracks, pads, and other features etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. PCBs come in various types: single-sided, double-sided, and multilayer, depending on the complexity of the design.


Why PCB Design Matters

Many beginners start with breadboards and perf boards for prototyping. While these are great for testing ideas quickly, they aren't suitable for final products due to issues like:

  • Loose connections
  • Signal integrity problems
  • Poor aesthetics and mechanical support
  • Difficult scalability

PCB design eliminates these problems by allowing precise control over the layout, grounding, shielding, and thermal management of components.


The PCB Design Process

Let’s walk through the PCB design process step-by-step:

1. Define Your Requirements

Before opening any software, clearly outline the following:

  • Functional goals of the circuit
  • Input/output requirements
  • Power supply details
  • Physical size constraints
  • Type of enclosure (if any)

    2. Schematic Design

    This is the logical representation of the circuit. A schematic includes components like resistors, capacitors, ICs, and their connections (nets).

    Popular schematic tools:

    • KiCAD (Open-source)
    • EAGLE (Now part of Autodesk)
    • Altium Designer (Industry-grade, paid)
    • EasyEDA (Web-based)

      Always label signals clearly and use consistent naming conventions. Don’t forget to add decoupling capacitors and check power rails.

      3. Assign Footprints

      Each component in your schematic needs a corresponding footprint—a physical layout of pads that match the actual component’s pins. Be careful to match the correct package (e.g., SOIC, TQFP, SMD).

      If a part doesn't exist in your library, you might need to create a custom footprint. Double-check the datasheet dimensions!

      4. PCB Layout

      Now comes the actual board design. Import your schematic into the layout editor and place components thoughtfully:

      • Group related components (e.g., microcontroller and its peripherals)
      • Keep high-speed signal traces as short and direct as possible
      • Separate analog and digital grounds
      • Place decoupling capacitors close to power pins

        5. Routing

        Routing connects the pads using copper traces:

        • Use wider traces for higher current paths
        • Maintain 90° angles sparingly (use 45° for better signal integrity)
        • Use vias to switch between layers if needed
        • Observe trace clearance and minimum width as per fabrication guidelines

          Advanced boards may require differential pair routing, impedance control, or ground planes.

          6. Design Rule Check (DRC)

          Most design software includes a DRC tool to check for violations such as:

          • Too-close traces
          • Unconnected nets
          • Missing footprints
          • Clearance issues

            Fix all errors before moving forward.

            7. Generate Gerber Files

            Gerber files are the standard format sent to PCB manufacturers. They include layer-wise information like:

            • Top/Bottom copper
            • Silkscreen
            • Solder mask
            • Drill file (for vias/holes)

              Also include a Bill of Materials (BoM) and Pick and Place file if you’re going for automated assembly.


              Tips for a Good PCB Design

              ✅ Plan Your Layout

              Always start with a floor plan. Know where your major components go before worrying about wiring.

              ✅ Use Ground Planes

              A solid ground plane reduces EMI, improves signal integrity, and simplifies routing.

              ✅ Minimize Crosstalk

              Keep digital and analog signals apart. Route sensitive signals away from noisy power lines.

              ✅ Thermal Management

              Place heat-generating components where airflow is optimal. Use thermal vias, heat sinks, or copper pours if necessary.

              ✅ Label Everything

              Good silkscreen labels make debugging and assembly easier. Include pin numbers, test points, and orientation markers.


              Common Mistakes to Avoid

              • Not checking pin orientation: A reversed IC footprint can ruin the whole board.
              • Ignoring DRC warnings: They exist for a reason—respect them.
              • Overcomplicating the design: Start simple; don’t jump into 4-layer boards if it’s a simple microcontroller project.
              • Poor power distribution: Skimping on bypass capacitors or using narrow power traces can cause voltage drops.
              • Too much reliance on autorouter: Use it cautiously. Manual routing gives better control and insight.

              Case Study: Designing a Simple ATmega328P Board

              Here’s a brief overview of designing a basic board using an ATmega328P microcontroller:

              • Use a 16MHz crystal with 22pF caps
              • Include an FTDI header for programming
              • Add a 5V voltage regulator and reverse polarity protection diode
              • Route all I/O pins to headers
              • Place decoupling caps near VCC and AVCC
              • Include test points for RESET and TX/RX lines

                This simple board can be the basis for various Arduino-compatible projects and is a great learning experience.

                Manufacture your PCB in just 24 hours.

                Wednesday, July 02, 2025
                Well, there are many companies you will find to fabricate your PCB. But, only a few of them can give you on-time delivery with quality assurance and electrical testing.

                How to find Better Manufacturer to fabricate your PCB?

                To solve this problem and fulfill the need of customers, where you can place your order and Make Payment very easily. We have updated our Service, Production process, machinery, capability, Marketing Team, Technical team to solve queries and etc.


                The flowchart also mentioned below that how you can place orders to fabricate your PCB easily. We are a professional PCB manufacturer for a sample as well as bulk quantity and We have very good exposure in PCB and having more than 15+ year’s experience in PCB Manufacturing.

                We have in house PCB manufacturing facility for quick turn Prototypes & Bulk Quantity manufacturing for Single & Double Sided PCBs.

                To check our Capability: – Click here

                We offer different- different lead times for samples to fabricate on an urgent basis. Out of them 24 hours and 48 hours most customers prefer usually. For more, you can check Our Capability.

                How you can get a Place Your order from Reeyaa Circuit & Electronics Pvt. Ltd. here is I have mentioned the steps,

                Steps to place your order online

                Go to reeyaacircuit.com

                Please read carefully the instruction before send data for the quotation.

                Select Request Quote page.

                Fill in the details as per your requirement. (You can mention any doubt or Question to message box)

                (Kindly Fill Separate forms or mention in message box for different lead times or for different requirements)

                Top 10 Gujarati news Channel and Newspaper

                Saturday, April 24, 2021

                There are many Gujarati news channel We have. As you Know so much of Data Available on Youtube. So, sometimes it becomes very Difficult to find out one. Some of which I have list out top 10 live Gujarati news channels. Which  are very Popular and also does continuous keep updating and Entertaining us like as what gpentain Do😅.



                1) Sandesh newsClick here to watch


                2) ABP Asmita:  Click here to watch


                4) News18 Gujarati:  Click here to watch


                5) Divya Bhaskar :  Click here to watch


                6) GSTV News:  Click here to watch


                7) VTV Gujarati:  Click here to watch


                8) Mantavya News:  Click here to watch


                9) ZEE 24 Kalak:  Click here to watch


                10) Nirman News:  Click here to watch


                If you Want to Read any Newspaper In the World for that also I have Written Another Post for that. You Can go Through it. Here is Link click here.

                What is GSTIN Number?

                Tuesday, March 02, 2021


                 Goods and Services Tax Identification Number.  It should be registered by every commercial dealer.


                 The GSTIN number which is the tax identification number came into existence to replace the TAN.


                 The GSTIN consists entirely of 15 digits.


                 The first two digits contain the state code of a particular state.


                 The next 10 digits include the taxpayer's permanent account number.


                 The thirteenth digit contains the entity number of the same leaf holder of the state.


                 The next issue contains Z which is basically.


                 15 digits include checksum code.

                Online Calculator

                Sunday, December 27, 2020
                GPEntertain Calculator

                Which were the three companies co-founded by Sushant Singh Rajput?

                Thursday, August 20, 2020

                 

                • Shushant co-found his first company in 2018 which dealt with artificial intelligence, virtual reality (VR) and augmented.

                • His second company named as Vividrage Rhealityx was established last year in September. It included the names of his rumoured girlfriend Rhea Chakraborty, her brother Showik Shakraborthy and Sushant himself, all three as the board members of the firm. The company Vividrage Rhealityx also dealt with artificial intelligence, mixed reality and experiential technology.


                • Sushant's third company Front India for World Foundation, was set up earlier this year. A non-profit organisation, Front India for World Foundation intended to work on eradication of poverty, malnutrition and hunger.


                Get more status views in whatsapp, Instagram and facebook.

                Wednesday, August 05, 2020
                If you love to post statuses in Whatsapp, Instagram and Facebook. Then the trick is for you to get more views. 

                By adding more contacts you can also. But, for this you don't need to add more contacts.

                Did you ever have realized or observed that, how we can get more status views in whatsapp ?  You could be but, many of you not ! If you haven't then here is an answer. Just go through it. 

                Whatsapp has 3 types for status Video, Image and Text. Text would may no need data to see of your friends status. Even if you're offline also.😊 

                Image's and video's would may need internet to see a status. Because that status being download and saved in our phone's storage for a while. 

                Now, going forward to main thing that how we can get more views. 

                You should not to post more status at the same time. Because many of us just swipe to next. Sometimes it create bad impression and many of your friends will tired and mute 🔇 you. 

                So, what you have to do is post status in a time gap, like after an hour or 2 to 3 hours. What would happen is when you post second status. It comes in top of your friends status list. So, definitely your first status would be seen by them. 


                Same as again, post another status after sometime. Again it will be in top of you friends list and seen by them sequentially.

                I would suggest, you should post a text status after 2 or 3 status. So, it would may increase chance of getting more views. 

                This trick would be useful for Instagram, Facebook and other social media also. You need have to maintain time gap. 

                Easy to type In local Language from English 📱

                Thursday, July 30, 2020
                Google Indic Keyboard For Android Every Mobile

                We are all want to write in our local language. But,  Mobile has made our habit to write in English only. And if you want to write in local language it would take more time to do. 

                Today we have an app by which we can write any local language by just typing in English. Many of you may have but, it might be possible that you could not have aware about. You have to type in English only it will give you your local words. ☺ 



                Google india keyboard licence to type messeges, updates on casual networks or make messages in your own native  languages on your Android phone a good features to use.

                Currently it includes the following language keyboards:

                English keyboard
                Assamese keyboard (অসমীয়া)
                Bengali keyboard (বাংলা)
                Gujarati keyboard (ગુજરાતી)
                Hindi keyboard (हिंदी)
                Kannada keyboard (ಕನ್ನಡ)
                Malayalam keyboard (മലയാà´³ം)
                Marathi keyboard (मराठी)
                Odia keyboard (ଓଡ଼ିଆ)
                Punjabi keyboard (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ)
                Tamil keyboard (தமிà®´்)
                Telugu keyboard (à°¤ెà°²ుà°—ు)


                On your smartphone, in the event that you can peruse your language in its local content above, you may introduce and use Google Indic Keyboard to enter your language; in any case your telephone may not bolster your language.

                Google Indic Keyboard bolsters various methods of information: 

                ●Transliteration mode - Get yield in your local language by illuminating the elocution utilizing English letters (For instance, "namaste" - > "नमस्ते".)


                ●Native keyboard mode - Type directly in native script.

                Magic of Dial pad (keypad) 🔢 📱 | Find Contact Number easily ! ....

                Wednesday, July 22, 2020
                Today we all have a smartphone in hand, but according to one research around 70% of people don't know how to use and it's functions. 

                Dial pad


                As we are human and we can't remember all the contact numbers. And we have thousands of numbers in contact list. So, this trick would be useful.... ☺ 

                Today we will talk about magic of keypad. How we can find a contact number easily instead of going to search bar and type name and scrolling down 😴 . It's became old method to find one. 

                 we are in technical era and every new day is coming with new update. This trick is not new. but, many of you might be don't know about. 🤔  

                I'm going to explain how easily you can find someone whom you want to call. It's take just a second.. 

                Let's start.... 

                ✒️ Firstly the number has to be saved in your contact list. 

                Dialpad


                Let's take an example... You want to call Govind ☺ 

                Name : Govind.
                Mobile number : 1234567890

                Keypad have a alphabet on every digit

                So,  directly you have to type the name of that person. Same names contact will be available in sequence. 

                The name is Govind and if you don't know my number. Then press keypad digit like.

                For G - 4, O - 6, V-8, I-4, N-6, D-3. 

                You will have contact's on your display.